雲彩生活 ✐2008-04-01


朱柏廬先生治家格言

曲拯民 英譯

 

黎明即起,灑掃庭除,要內外整潔。
既昏便息,關鎖門戶,必親自檢點。
一粥一飯,當思來處不易;半絲半縷,恒念物力維艱。
宜未雨而綢繆,毋臨渴而掘井。
自奉必須儉約,宴客切勿流連。
器具質而潔,瓦缶勝金玉;飲食約而精,園蔬愈珍饈。
勿營華屋,勿謀良田。
三姑六婆,實淫盜之媒;婢美妾嬌,非閨房之福。
僮僕勿用俊美,妻妾切忌豔妝。
祖宗雖遠,祭祀不可不誠;子孫雖愚,經書不可不讀。
居身務期儉樸,教子要有義方。
勿貪意外之財,勿飲過量之酒。
與肩挑貿易,勿佔便宜。見窮苦親鄰,須加撫恤。

刻薄成家,理無久享;倫常乖舛,立見消亡。
兄弟叔侄,須分多潤寡;長幼內外,宜法肅辭嚴。
聽婦言,乖骨肉,豈是丈夫?
重資財,薄父母,不成人子。
嫁女擇佳婿,勿索重聘;娶媳求淑女,勿計厚妝。
見富貴而生諂容者,最可恥;
遇貧賤而作驕態者,賤莫甚。
居家戒爭訟,訟而終凶。處世戒多言,言多必失。
勿恃勢力,而凌逼孤寡;毋貪口腹,而恣殺牲禽。

乖僻自是,悔誤必多;頹隳自甘,家道難成。
狎暱惡少,久必受其累。屈志老成,急則可相依。
輕聽發言,安知非人之譖訴?當忍耐三思。
因事相爭,焉知非我之不是?須平心暗想。
施惠勿念,受恩莫忘。
凡事當留餘地,得意不宜再往。
人有喜慶,不可生妒嫉心;
人有禍患,不可生喜幸心。
善欲人見,不是真善;惡恐人知,便是大惡。
見色而起淫心,報在妻女。
匿怨而用暗箭,禍延子孫。

家門和順,雖饔飧不濟,亦有餘歡。
國課早完,即囊橐無餘,自得至樂。
讀書志在聖賢。為官心存君國。
守分安命,順時聽天。
為人若此,庶乎近焉。


Zhu Bo-Lu's “Household Maxim”

Zhu Bo-lu was a scholar in the Ming Dynasty (1369-1644).
He was the author of many books.
But it was the “Household Maxim” that made him famous.

Rise at dawn! Sweep your house clean within and without;
Rest at dusk! Lock your dwelling and personally check all doors and entrances.
As you eat, think of how much effort was involved in growing crops and processing food.
However trivial something we use may be, appreciate them as valuable resources.
Plan ahead and do not wish to dig a well until you are thirsty.
Live a life of frugality and do not indulge in lavish banquets when entertaining friends.
Good quality porcelain or earthen wares are better than luxurious gold or jade ones.
Nourishing food taken sparingly is best, especially garden grown vegetables.
Do not covet magnificent houses or fertile lands.
Beware of gossiping females who may lead one to adultery and thievery.
Keeping beautiful maids and mistresses is never a blessing.
Do not employ handsome male servants. Excessive makeup for women is to be avoided.
Ancestors, though long gone, must be remembered with rituals performed with sincerity;
Even children without high intelligence must be taught the classics.
Live a life of simplicity as an example. Teach your children to have a sense of righteousness.
Do not covet wealth not due to you. Do not drink excessively.
Never take advantage of a peddler or stall-keeper through bargaining.
Be merciful and helpful to those who are poor and destitute.

Seldom does wealth that is accumulated in a mean manner last long.
Indulging in cruel ways leads to self-destruction.
Wealth must be reasonably shared by siblings and cousins.
Strict rules and disciplines must be exercised by both old and young.
How can a righteous person listen and act only in accordance with the advice of wives and women?
Those who value wealth and mistreat their parents are not considered as human beings.
Pick a good son and daughter-in-law and do not be demanding of money for a betrothal or heavy dowry.
It is shameful to flatter a rich man.
Arrogance toward the poor is mean-spirited.
Do not engage in litigation; there will be no winners but only hatred will prevail.
Loquaciousness leads to mistakes and exaggeration.
Never exercise pressure or undue influence on those who are poor or widowed to cause them to suffer.
Do not kill unnecessarily just to appease your appetite.
To act in absurd and erroneous ways will always cause you regret.

How can an irresolute person be the head of a family?
To protect and shelter a wicked youth at home would lead to disaster.
By condescending to those who are experienced and accomplished will grant advantages in return.
Listen carefully and quietly to what someone says to you. It may contain a hidden complaint or advice.
When a dispute arises, stop and ponder; maybe I am the one at fault.
Try to forget what you gave away, but do not forget what you have received.
Be modest and give people some space; one needs to know when and where to stop.
Do not be envious of prosperity of others, nor rejoice in their calamity.
A good deed that is intended to be widely known is not a true deed.
An evil deed that fears to be known is truly evil.
To a man who lusts after beauty, retribution may come to his own wife and daughter.
To stab another in the back will lead to disaster for his offspring.

When peace prevails within the family, there will be happiness even if food is not plentiful.
Regardless of how little is saved ultimately, paying your dues to the Government in full and with honesty should be a delight.
The purpose of studying is to achieve higher morality and follow in the footsteps of the sages.
To be a civil servant, we must dedicate ourselves loyally to the high authority and the country.
Perform our duties well and follow the progression of time, and then yield to the Most High.
If we follow these principles in our life, I believe that we are bound to the right direction of perfection.

(Translated by Moses Chu, Tempe, AZ)

  朱子家訓亦稱朱柏廬治家格言簡稱治家格言。作者朱用純,字致一,自號柏廬,江蘇省匡山縣人,生於明萬曆四十五年(1617年)。其父朱集璜是明末的學者。
  朱用純始終未入仕,康熙年間有人要推薦他參加朝廷博學鴻詞科的考試,固辭乃免。其一生研究程朱理學,主張知行並進,其著作有刪補易經蒙引四書講義恥躬堂詩文集愧訥集朱子家訓大學中庸講義等,其中以506字的朱子家訓最有影響,三百年來膾炙人口,家喻戶曉。
  朱子家訓以“修身”,“齊家”為宗旨,集儒家做人處世方法之大成,思想植根深厚,含義博大精深。(網上資料)

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